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How taxable is that side hustle?

With Australia going through a major cost of living crisis and interest rates not coming down as quickly as hoped, more and more people are looking at ways of creating additional cash flow to help make ends meet.

What is a side hustle?

Earning extra income on top of your primary job is sometimes known as a side hustle. While the extra money is no doubt welcome, it’s important to stay on top of the tax issues this sort of activity can throw up.

Side hustles can take many forms and may include:

  • posting content to platforms such as TikTok and attracting viewing hours;
  • being an influencer on a social media platform and attracting followers;
  • picking up casual work through platforms such as Airtasker;
  • garden maintenance;
  • providing tech support;
  • creating content for OnlyFans;
  • cleaning business premises or private homes;
  • coaching or tuition;
  • dog walking or pet sitting;
  • freelance writing;
  • creating and selling art;
  • gold fossicking.

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What tax receipts do I need to keep?

Only the ones you want to claim as a tax deduction, might be a common response.

Work-related expenses

But that isn’t quite right, as the tax rules in fact enable you to make legitimate claims for work-related expenses for up to $300 in a financial year without having receipts, provided:

  • you have spent the money;
  • the expense is directly related to earning your income;
  • you haven’t been reimbursed by your employer;
  • it is not of a private or capital nature; and
  • you have a record of the expense (other than a receipt).

Work-related expenses can include, among other things, tools and small items of equipment, office supplies, union or professional association fees, uniforms and protective clothing and associated cleaning costs, newspapers and periodicals and many more.

The cost of laundering work uniforms and protective clothing can be included without having receipts for an amount of up to $150. These costs form part of the $300 deductible limit without needing receipts. However, where total work-related expenses exceed $300, it is not necessary to have receipts in relation to costs for laundering work uniforms for these expenses if they do not exceed $150. The ATO will accept a rate of $1 per load where the laundry is done at home, or half that amount when accompanied by private items. Dry cleaning costs are not included in the receipt-free $150. Minor items costing up to $10 can be claimed without a receipt, up to $200 per financial year, and are also included in the $300 limit. But again, where total work-related expenses exceed $300, it is not necessary to have receipts for these costs.

The record of the expense can be in the form of a diary that records how much you have spent, what you spent it on, how you paid for it and how it relates to earning your income. You will need to retain those records for five years.

Of course, there is nothing wrong with keeping all your receipts as you go along, just in case you unexpectedly overshoot the $300 limit later in the financial year. Where that happens, you will need receipts and invoices to substantiate your entire work-related expense claim – not just for the excess over $300.

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Gifting: Will Centrelink reward your generosity?

Did you know that about 60%[1] of people aged 67 and over receive an age pension? Some of these pensioners don’t receive a full pension. This is because Centrelink looks at your wealth based on your income and assets and if either exceed set limits they reduce your pension.

Gifting assets will make you poorer but can increase your age pension. You might like being Santa but don’t forget the Centrelink Christmas grinch – deprivation. Deprivation rules claw back any pension increase you would otherwise have got from gifting and reducing your assets.

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What we know so far about payday super

The government has shared more details about its proposed new “payday super” plan, which will start on 1 July 2026.

What is payday super?

Starting in July 2026, employers must pay superannuation guarantee (SG) contributions to their employees at the same time they pay their salary and wages – weekly, fortnightly, or monthly. Currently, employers are legally required to pay their employees’ SG contributions on a quarterly basis.

What this means for employers

All employers, no matter the size, will have to make SG contributions when they pay their workers. This might affect cash flow, especially for small businesses, and could create an extra administrative burden if they don’t have the right systems in place (such as payroll software, etc).

What this means for employees

The goal of payday super is to make SG contributions more transparent and help boost retirement savings. For example, according to the Government, a 25-year-old earning the median income and receiving superannuation could have about $6,000 extra by retirement because of the proposed changes.

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Super on parental leave pay is now law

Starting 1 July 2025, new parents will receive superannuation payments on top of their paid parental leave (PPL).

The change

Eligible parents with babies born or adopted from 1 July 2025 will get an extra 12% of their government-funded PPL as a superannuation contribution to their nominated superannuation fund.

The lump sum superannuation payment will be paid annually by the ATO after the end of each financial year. The contribution will also include an additional interest component to account for the delay.

Eligible parents can continue to apply for PPL through Services Australia who are responsible for assessing eligibility for the payment and superannuation contribution.

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The secret life of TFNs

Tax file numbers (TFNs) are so much an everyday element when dealing with tax and the ATO that many taxpayers won’t give it a second thought when tax return software responds with an “invalid” message when a TFN is entered.

The common thought will be that it’s human error, so naturally one’s first reaction will be to check the numbers you entered, followed by carefully re-entering them.

Most of the time the problem will be fixed and its business as usual, but here’s a passing thought — how does the tax return software know what is, and what is not, a valid TFN? Especially when you consider that its validity or otherwise is not dependant on matching those numbers with someone’s name and/or birthday and/or address and so on. These identifiers are used to cross-check a person’s identity of course, but the initial validity of a TFN is known via another factor — the “TFN algorithm”.

This verification algorithm, also known as a check digit algorithm, is embedded in each unique TFN. As with a lot of these things, this is best explained using an example. However, you need to keep a number in mind, which in this case is the number 11.

To make the algorithm work, a fixed weighting is applied to each number of the TFN. In order from the left, these weightings are 1, 4, 3, 7, 5, 8, 6, 9, 10.

Example: 123 456 782

TFN 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 2
Weight 1 4 3 7 5 8 6 9 10
Sum 1 8 9 28 25 48 42 72 20
Validation 1 + 8 + 9 + 28 + 25 + 48 + 42 + 72 + 20 = 253

As 253 is a multiple of 11 the TFN is valid.

To check for yourself, try the above with your own TFN.

The dangers of failing to declare income or lodge returns

There are many adverse consequences associated with failing to lodge income tax returns or omitting income from those returns if the ATO finds out.

The ATO has increasingly sophisticated technology to track such matters and catch people out – including “data matching” programs where it compulsorily obtains masses of information from certain authorities (eg, banks, insurance companies, real estate bond boards etc).

And on top of this, the ATO does not even have to actually look at the information too closely – as a computer program does this for the Commissioner.

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Making contributions later in life

Superannuation laws have been simplified over recent years to allow older Australians more flexibility to top up their superannuation. Below is a summary of what you need to know when it comes to making superannuation contributions.

Adding to super

The two main types of contributions that can be made to superannuation are called concessional contributions and non-concessional contributions.

Concessional contributions are before-tax contributions and are generally taxed at 15% within your fund. This is the most common type of contribution individuals receive as it includes superannuation guarantee payments your employer makes into your fund on your behalf. Other types of concessional contributions include salary sacrifice contributions and tax-deductible personal contributions. The government sets limits on how much money you can add to your superannuation each year. Currently, the annual concessional contribution cap is $30,000 in 2024/25.

Non-concessional contributions are voluntary contributions you can make from your after-tax dollars. For example, you may wish to make extra contributions using funds from your bank account or other savings. As such, non-concessional contributions are an after-tax contribution because you have already paid tax on these funds. Currently, the annual non-concessional contribution cap is $120,000 in 2024/25.

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Can I add to my super pension?

A common question that is often asked is whether amounts can be added to a superannuation pension account once it has commenced.

The short answer

Unfortunately, the answer is no. Although your pension account can continue to increase due to investment earnings, such as interest and dividends, any further capital cannot be added to the current pension account. As such, once a pension (usually an “account-based pension”) has commenced, you cannot add any more contributions or money to that same pension account.

To recap, an account-based pension is a regular income stream bought with money from your superannuation when you retire. It is the most common type of superannuation pension as they offer regular, flexible and tax-effective income from your superannuation benefits.

The benefit of commencing an account-based pension is that investment earnings are tax free and once you turn 60, your pension payments will also be tax free. However the main trade-off for these tax concessions is that you have to withdraw a fixed amount of your pension balance each year based on your age.

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